Grandparents’ Rights in Custody and Visitation Matters NSW

Grandparents’ Role in Family Dynamics

NSW as well as Australian law puts a lot of importance on the welfare of a child attained through maintaining a relationship with their relatives, including their grandparents. In ideal situations, a child should have a relationship with their grandparents, but that is not always the case, especially if there is a breakdown of their relationship with the parents. In any case, if the child or children have surviving grandparents who are capable of maintaining a healthy and beneficial relationship with their grandchildren, the law would favour the same.

 

Legal Foundations: Understanding Grandparents’ Rights

Grandparents’ rights to be present in the lives of their grandchildren are outlined in quite explicit terms in Section 60B of the Family Law Act (1975). It clearly states that “Children have a right to spend time on a regular basis with, and communicate on a regular basis with, both their parents and other people significant to their care, welfare and development (such as grandparents and other relatives).”

 

It should be noted here that this does not automatically give grandparents a legally binding right to be in contact with their grandchildren. The child’s welfare is paramount. In other words, a grandparent cannot simply demand to stay in touch or care for their grandchildren; it will be decided if it is in the best interests of the child to be in contact with or live with their grandparents partially or completely. However, grandparents do have the right to discuss with the primary caregivers of the child or apply in court requesting visitation or custody rights. Whatever decision is reached must be respected by all parties.

 

Types of Relationships: Visitation vs. Custody

There are two ways in which one or more grandparents may request to exercise their rights to their grandchild. They may either ask for visitation or custody. Visitation refers to the right to spend time with the child, either in person or via other means, either in the presence of their primary caregiver or not. Thus, visitation in NSW and Australia can be defined in ways other than directly spending time with the child, like contact through phone, text, email, video call, social media, and so on.

 

On the other hand, custody refers to rights given to the grandparents (in this case) to exercise primary responsibility for the care and upbringing of the child, either for partial periods in their life or throughout the entirety of their remaining childhood years, as decided in mediation agreements or mandated by the court. Once again, the decision is based on what is best for the welfare and healthy development of the child.

 

Factors Influencing Grandparents’ Rights

As we have mentioned before, grandparents do not have the automatic right of access to their grandchildren. If the parent/s or primary caregiver/s of the child are unwilling, unable, or incapable of providing a healthy childhood to the child or it is clear that they are inhibiting or endangering the healthy growth and development of the child, it would be in the favour of the grandparents to apply for visitation or custody rights.

 

However, at the end of the day, the deciding factor would be the best interests of the child. That implies that the court will consider:

  • The Protection Of The Child’s Physical, Emotional, And Mental Health And Safety
  • The Benefits Of Having A Meaningful Relationship With Their Grandparents
  • The Relationship Dynamics Of The Child With Their Grandparents While Considering The Equation Of The Parents With Both.
  • If The Child Is Sufficiently Financially Supported And Receives All The Resources And Assistance For Healthy Development
  • The Likely Effect This Change Will Have On The Child, Especially If The Grandparents Have Not Seen The Child For A Long Time Or Been In Their Lives For A Short Period Only
  • If The Grandparents Themselves Are Physically, Mentally, And Financially Capable Of Sustaining The Child’s Healthy Lifestyle.
  • Whether There Is Evidence Of Any Family Violence, Any Type Of Abuse, Or Neglect.
  • If There Is A Case Of Drug Abuse By The Primary Caregivers
  • If There Is Sufficient Cause To Believe That The Child Is Facing Any Kind Of Endangerment
  • The Opinions And Wishes Of The Child If They Are Old And Mature Enough To Convey The Same.
  • Any Other Factors Specific To The Case

 

Legal Procedures for Grandparents Seeking Custody/Visitation

If you are a grandparent seeking visitation or custody rights for your grandchild, it is best to attempt it in the following order:

 

Step 1: Get Legal Advice

The first thing you must do is to consult a family lawyer about your options and your chances of being granted said rights. A lawyer will be able to inform you of how good your chances are and how strong the case is in your favour. They will also help you gather evidence that might help you with your case.

 

Step 2: Arrange for Mediation

The next step is to arrange for family dispute resolution. You must meet with the parents or other primary caregivers and aim to come to an agreement about a parenting plan that grants you your rights to your grandchildren. This is known as mediation or conciliation and is done in the presence of a licensed practitioner independent of both parties. Once an agreement is reached, you must apply for a formal Parenting Plan or Consent Order in court to legalise the arrangement.

 

Step 3: Go to Court

If an agreement cannot be reached and you wish to continue to fight for your rights, your last resort is to go to court. You must bring with you a certificate issued by a licensed family dispute resolution practitioner stating that mediation was attempted, otherwise, you might be awarded penalties. In certain situations, a certificate is not necessary, like where abuse or child endangerment is involved and easily provable. It is advisable to seek legal assistance when you lodge your application in court as they will help you gather evidence and documents in favour of your case and make it easier to win it.

 

Challenges Faced by Grandparents in Custody Battles

It is easier for grandparents to seek visitation rights than parental responsibility, especially if there is no viable cause to claim that the parents or primary caregivers of the child are unfit for the job. Unless it is clear that the child’s parents are a direct danger to the child or are overwhelmingly unable to provide for them and the grandparents are the next best option, it would be difficult to win a custody battle. This is especially true if the grandparents themselves are not physically, mentally, or financially capable enough to take care of the child.

 

Resources like Grandparent Child Care Benefit, Family Tax Benefit, Double Orphan Pension, Child Care Tax Rebate, Newborn Upfront Payment and Newborn Supplement, Maternity Immunisation Allowance, Carer Allowance, Healthcare cards, Medicare benefits, Payments through the NSW Department of Communities and Justice (DCJ), Supported Care Allowance, and Child Support are available and accessible to grandparents caring for a child. However, these benefits can only be utilised after the child is placed in their care.

 

Contact Us

Maatouks Law Group has a long history of successful family law practising and can help you with any kind of custody dispute. Get in touch with us and discuss your needs through our free phone consultation today!

9 September 2024
Key Questions to Ask at Your First Family Lawyer Consultation
by Chris Van Langenberg 27 June 2024
Domestic violence is a critical issue that significantly influences custody decisions under Australian family law. The guiding principle of the Family Law Act 1975 is the best interests of the child, which directs all decisions concerning child custody and visitation. Understanding Domestic Violence in Family Law Domestic violence includes a spectrum of abusive behaviours, such as physical, emotional, psychological, and financial abuse. The Family Law Act defines family violence as any violent, threatening, or controlling behaviour that induces fear in a family member. This comprehensive definition ensures the courts address various forms of abuse. How Domestic Violence Influences Custody Decisions 1. Best Interests of the Child The child's best interests are the paramount consideration in custody decisions. The court assesses several factors, prioritising the child's safety and well-being. Protecting children from physical and psychological harm, including exposure to domestic violence, is crucial. 2. Presumption of Shared Parental Responsibility Generally, Australian family law assumes both parents should share parental responsibility. However, this assumption is void if there are reasonable grounds to believe that a parent (or someone living with a parent) has engaged in family violence or abuse. In such scenarios, the court may grant sole parental responsibility to one parent to safeguard the child. 3. Impact on Contact Arrangements When deciding child contact arrangements, the court considers any existing domestic violence orders (DVOs) and their circumstances. A DVO doesn't automatically bar a parent from seeing their child, but it heavily influences the court's decisions. Depending on the severity and nature of the violence, the court may order supervised contact or, in extreme cases, no contact. 4. Supervised Contact If the court deems unsupervised contact with a parent potentially harmful, it may mandate supervised visits. These visits can occur at a contact centre or under the watch of a trusted third party, ensuring the child's safety during interactions. 5. No Contact Orders In severe instances where any contact with the abusive parent would harm the child's well-being, the court might prohibit contact entirely. This decision prioritises the child's safety and emotional health. Additional Considerations in Custody Cases Involving Domestic Violence The Family Law Act specifies considerations for the court in cases of domestic violence: Nature and Circumstances of the Violence: The court examines the type, frequency, and severity of the violence and its context. Impact on the Child: The physical and psychological effects of the violence on the child are thoroughly evaluated. Parental Capacity: Each parent's ability to care for and protect the child is assessed. Child's Views: Depending on the child's age and maturity, their views may also be considered. Legal Framework and Protections 1. Domestic Violence Orders (DVOs) DVOs are legal measures designed to protect victims of domestic violence by restricting the abuser's behaviour. These orders can prevent the abuser from contacting or approaching the victim and their children, playing a crucial role in custody and visitation decisions by highlighting the need for protective measures. 2. Family Court Interventions The Family Court can implement various actions to ensure children's safety in domestic violence cases. These actions include appointing an Independent Children's Lawyer (ICL) to represent the child's interests, ordering psychological assessments, and obtaining evidence from police and child protection agencies. The court may also require the abusive parent to attend parenting programs or counselling. 3. Mediation and Family Violence Typically, parents must attend mediation before seeking court orders for parenting arrangements. However, in domestic violence cases, this requirement can be waived to avoid endangering the victim. The court acknowledges that mediation may not be suitable when there is a significant power imbalance due to abuse. Conclusion  Domestic violence significantly impacts custody decisions in Australia, with the child's best interests as the primary concern. Courts strive to balance the child's need for meaningful relationships with both parents while ensuring their safety from harm. Legal tools like DVOs and the court's protective measures are vital in safeguarding children in these situations. If you're facing a custody battle involving domestic violence, it's essential to seek legal advice to understand your rights and the protections available for you and your child. At Maatouks Law Group, our experienced Family Lawyers in Sydney can provide the guidance and support you need during this challenging time.
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While the internet has brought the world closer, social media has taken it a step further, making it feel like everyone is just a click away. This connectivity allows us to stay in touch with family and friends, regardless of physical distance. However, this ease of connection comes with a need for caution. As users of social media, we must be mindful of what we share online. This is especially crucial during family law disputes, where indiscriminate posting can have serious consequences. The Impact of Social Media on Family Law: The Real-World Effects of Online Words: It's important to recognise that your online activities can have tangible consequences, affecting perceptions and behaviours. Courts now consider social media posts, comments, videos, and activities as evidence in family law cases. If you're involved in such matters, reducing your social media presence can be beneficial. From Sharing to Sanctions: Social Media Mistakes to Avoid: If you habitually post derogatory content about your ex-partner or share personal details freely, it's time to reconsider. These actions can backfire and negatively impact your case, especially if you're seeking a favourable judgement. Understanding the Legal Risks: Crossing Boundaries: Social Media and Family Law Violations: Section 121 of the Family Law Act prohibits sharing information about your family law issues on social media, with potential legal repercussions. Posts indicating violent behaviour, substance abuse, or other negative traits can harm your case in court. Digital Evidence: How Your Online Activities Can Influence Your Case: Your digital footprint can be scrutinised as evidence, reflecting on your parenting, financial status, and the veracity of your claims. Be cautious with your social media behaviour to avoid undermining your position in custody battles or financial disputes. Critical Missteps to Avoid: Balancing Privacy in Parenting and Property Disputes Online: It's crucial to understand the boundaries of sharing information online, especially regarding your ex-partner, co-parenting situation, or ongoing case details. Clear communication with your ex-partner about what can be shared is essential. Digital Hazards: When Social Media Posts Become Legal Liabilities: Social media should not be a platform for venting frustrations or making threats. Any statements or videos perceived as threatening or self-incriminating can be used against you in court. Choose your online words and actions carefully. The Evidence Factor: Screenshots as Legal Proof: The Digital Evidence You Leave Behind: Screenshots of your online posts can serve as solid evidence in family law cases. They can support testimonies or aid in cross-examinations, influencing the legal outcomes significantly. The Role of Social Media in Financial Disputes: During financial settlements, ensure your social media posts do not contradict your claims of financial hardship. Posts indicating a lavish lifestyle can undermine your case. Strategic Social Media Use: Guidelines for Collecting Evidence on Social Platforms: When gathering evidence online, adhere to ethical standards. Avoid deceptive practices like fake accounts or hacking. Ensure any collected evidence is supported by additional proof. Navigating the Challenges of Digital Evidence: For digital evidence to be admissible, it must be verified and authenticated. Proper collection, storage, and handling are crucial to maintain its validity. Any breaches in this process can raise doubts about the evidence's authenticity. How to Protect Yourself: When to Limit Your Social Media Activity: During legal proceedings, it's wise to limit your social media activity. If you must post, do so thoughtfully, as your posts can be used against you. Enhancing Your Social Media Privacy: Familiarise yourself with social media platforms' privacy settings, use strong passwords, enable two-factor authentication, and be selective about who can view your posts. Precautions and Best Practices: Guidelines for Social Media Conduct During Legal Disputes: Exercise restraint in your social media conduct during legal disputes. Avoid posting impulsively and consider how your posts might be perceived in relation to your case. The Importance of Legal Advice in Managing Social Media Risks: A legal advisor can help you understand the implications of your social media activity, guide you on what to avoid, and advise you on strategically using social media to support your case. They can also educate you on your rights and responsibilities in this context.
27 June 2024
Navigating a divorce in Australia is challenging, but with proper support, you can proceed smoothly. Separating your finances from your ex-partner is essential and must be done decisively. Open discussions and clear arrangements are crucial to avoid financial confusion later. The Challenge of Debt in Divorce Divorce financial matters involve dividing both assets and debts. Ensuring fairness in both is difficult, especially with debts. Beyond Asset Division: The Hidden Battle of Debt in Divorce Liabilities like mortgages, credit card loans, personal loans, and student debts must be managed when a couple separates. These debts need arrangements for repayment or continued payments. Dividing assets is hard, but splitting debts is more complex, often leading to unfair distribution. Why Debt Division is Harder Than Asset Splitting Partners are eager to claim assets but reluctant to share debts. This common attitude complicates fair debt division. The long-term financial impact and the challenge of equitable debt distribution make it tougher than splitting assets, which is more straightforward. Seeking Fairness in Division Fairness is essential in dividing both assets and debts. Assessing both parties' debt situations helps determine responsibility and whether debts were for mutual benefit. Future financial capacities must also be considered. Equity Vs Practicality: Striving for Fairness in Debt Division Fair debt division requires balancing equity and practicality. While equity involves contributions and financial circumstances, practicality focuses on feasible solutions. Flexibility, cooperation, and open communication are key. A thorough financial assessment, including income, assets, and liabilities, is necessary. The Legal Framework for Fair Debt Allocation: Insight from Family Law The Family Law Act 1975 governs debt allocation for separating couples. 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Staying Ahead: Preventive Measures to Avoid Taking on an Ex’s Debt Prenuptial agreements help, but staying aware of earnings, expenditures, borrowings, and outstanding debts during the relationship is crucial. This clarity aids in determining who takes on what debt during separation. Financial Literacy: A Shield Against Post-Divorce Debt Burdens Financial literacy involves understanding financial obligations, budgeting, managing debts, and saving. This knowledge helps avoid post-divorce debt burdens and ensures better financial circumstances. The Power of Financial Awareness in Preventing Debt Disputes Financially aware partners encourage open communication about assets and debts and take proactive measures like prenups. This awareness helps prevent major debt disputes. Taking Control of Your Financial Future Focus on long-term financial consequences and maintain control to ensure a secure future. Reclaiming Financial Independence After a Divorce Assess your financial situation, including income, expenditures, assets, and liabilities, to prevent unfair debt division. Highlight high-interest and long-term debts, and consider your repayment capacity. Seek professional financial guidance for debt-sharing agreements. Legal Recourse for Unfair Debt Division: Know Your Rights If debt allocation feels unfair, seek legal help. A family lawyer can guide you on your rights and assist in reopening your case if necessary, leading to reassessment of debts and assets. Developing a Financial Game Plan Post-Divorce After debt division, create a financial plan for a stable future. Seek professional advice if needed, and design plans that accommodate short- and long-term goals and savings. This helps maintain financial control and avoid future entanglements.
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